A recent phase 2 clinical trial has provided fresh hope in the battle against Alzheimer's disease. The study, involving 32 volunteers with Alzheimer's, explored the effects of a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) device designed to target a key brain network responsible for memory storage. Over the course of 52 weeks, researchers observed a notable difference in the rate of symptom progression between those receiving TMS therapy and those who did not.
The trial aimed to enhance the ability of neurons to form connections, akin to how exercise strengthens muscles. Participants, equally split between men and women aged 56 to 88, were monitored for their ability to perform daily activities. Those receiving TMS therapy exhibited a 44% slower rate of symptoms worsening compared to the sham treatment group.
“On the face of it, if you look at the numbers, it did better on a number of scales compared to the sham treatment — that’s good. But as in any study, the devil is in the details.” – Honig
The TMS device was crucial to this research, providing a method to generate electrical signals in the brain without causing any sensation, a feat that would be nearly impossible with an electrical current due to associated pain.
“It would be almost impossible to use an electrical current because it would be very painful,” – Koch
Researchers utilized TMS to "ping" various sites within the brain's default mode network, pinpointing the most beneficial spot for electrical stimulation. This technique allowed them to tailor the stimulation to each participant's needs, resulting in minimal decline in daily functioning over the year-long trial.
Despite these promising results, experts urge caution. The findings are considered "very, very preliminary," highlighting the need for replication in larger trials. A phase 3 trial across multiple centers is essential to confirm these results and evaluate the treatment's effectiveness on a broader scale.
“The next step is to do a phase 3 trial across multiple centers to see if this bears fruit,” – Skylar-Scott
“A multicenter trial would offer a little more hope of generalizability,” – Honig
The potential implications of successful TMS therapy are significant. By slowing the progression of Alzheimer's symptoms, this treatment could greatly benefit not only patients but also their caregivers.
“That’s important not only for the patient, but also for caregivers,” – Koch
While the phase 2 trial has demonstrated promising outcomes, there remains uncertainty about whether this approach will be widely adopted. Further research is needed to measure biomarkers through blood tests and brain scans to determine any tangible improvements in the disease.
“But I think the results are exciting and worth pursuing.” – Darby
“If it works it will be very exciting.” – Skylar-Scott
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