A recent study comparing the ketogenic diet to the Mediterranean diet revealed that those following a keto regimen experienced improved metabolic health metrics. Conducted with individuals who had recently received a diabetes diagnosis, the study found that the keto diet was more effective in improving blood sugar levels, gut microbiota composition, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. However, these advantages were not sustained throughout the year-long study, with benefits diminishing after six months.
The participants in the study were randomly assigned to follow either a very low-calorie ketogenic diet or a Mediterranean-type diet. The ketogenic diet, known for its low carbohydrate intake of less than 30 grams per day, primarily consists of protein-based meals. This diet has shown promising results in enhancing metabolic health for those with type 2 diabetes. Jason Ng, MD, BA, from the University of Pittsburgh, emphasized its potential benefits.
“A keto diet may be a valuable tool in the management of obesity and improvement in insulin resistance in patients […] who cannot lose weight or have variable sugar control.” – Jason Ng, MD, BA
Despite the initial success of the ketogenic diet, experts caution against its long-term use due to potential risks such as nutrient deficiencies and organ issues. Dr. Ng explained the possible side effects associated with a prolonged keto diet.
“The keto diet can have risks such as nutrient deficiencies, liver issues, constipation, and kidney issues,” – Jason Ng, MD, BA
The Mediterranean diet, on the other hand, takes a balanced approach that includes proper timing for meals and is more sustainable for managing type 2 diabetes over time. Dr. Ng highlighted its advantages for patients.
“A Mediterranean diet,” noted Ng, “is a valuable resource and tool to help people with [type 2 diabetes] control their sugars, improve weight loss, and is likely easier to maintain than a keto diet, and is an established diet that can improve the health of patients with [this condition].” – Jason Ng, MD, BA
Routhenstein, a nutrition expert, advocates for focusing on nutrient adequacy and effective meal planning rather than adhering to fad diets. Routhenstein suggests that this approach is more sustainable for long-term health management.
“Rather than following fad diets,” Routhenstein advised, “I recommend focusing on nutrient adequacy, effective meal planning, and a balanced approach that includes proper timing for meals. This strategy is more sustainable for managing type 2 diabetes and improving overall health.” – Routhenstein
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